UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIDIABETES EKSTRAK DAUN SENGGANI (Melastoma malabathricum L.) SECARA IN VITRO DENGAN METODE PENGHAMBATAN ?-GLUKOSIDASE

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of the metabolism of fat, carbohydrate, and protein due to defects
in insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity or both. In 2017, diabetics in Indonesia has reached 10.3
million of 8.5 % prevalence and it was estimated to reach 16 million in 2023. The inhibition of
?-glucosidase is thought to be effective in delaying the breakdown of carbohydrates in the
intestine and can lower blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. One of the mechanisms of
diabetes treatment is to inhibit ? -gucosidase. Empirically, senggani leaves commonly used to
treat infections, high blood pressure and diabetes. This research aims to obtain an extract from
senggani leaves (Melastoma malabathricum L.) on the inhibition of the ?-glucosidase and
identify compounds that contained in the sample. The simplisia powder from senggani leaves
was extracted by maceration and reflux techniques using ethanol 96%. The antidiabetic activity
essay of senggani leaves was read using a microplate reader at a wavelength of 410 nm. The
result showed that the ethanol extract of senggani leaves from the maceration technique had
inhibition with IC50 is 879.559 ?g/ml and from reflux techniques with IC50 values of 1061.631
?g/ml. Phytochemical constituent in both extract senggani leaves are flavonoids, tannins,
saponins, and alkaloids